Conditions We Treat

Deep Vein Thrombosis

What Is Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

DVT is a condition where a blood clot forms in one of the deep veins of the body, most commonly in the legs. The deep veins are located within the muscles and are critical for proper circulation, returning blood to the heart. Unlike superficial veins, which are close to the skin and may become varicose, deep veins play a vital role in maintaining healthy blood flow. A DVT can become serious if the clot breaks loose and travels to the lungs, causing a life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE).

Symptoms of DVT

The symptoms of DVT may vary, and in some cases, there may be no symptoms at all. Common signs to look out for include:

Swelling in one leg (rarely both legs).
Pain or tenderness, often beginning in the calf or thigh.
Warmth in the affected area.
Red or discoloured skin over the vein.

If you notice any of these symptoms, seek medical advice immediately. Not all DVTs cause symptoms, so it’s important to be aware of the risks.

Who Is at Risk?

Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing a DVT, including:

Recent surgery or hospitalisation.
Prolonged immobility, such as during long flights or bed rest.
Pregnancy or being within six weeks postpartum.
Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or birth control pills.
Obesity, smoking, or a family history of DVT.
Medical conditions such as cancer, heart failure, or clotting disorders.

How Is DVT Treated?

Anticoagulant Medication (Blood Thinners)

Anticoagulants are the first-line treatment for DVT. These medications prevent the clot from growing and reduce the risk of new clots forming. Options include injectable low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral medications like warfarin, apixaban, or rivaroxaban. Treatment duration is typically 3 to 6 months, depending on the severity of the clot and your risk factors.

Compression Stockings

Compression stockings improve blood flow, reduce swelling, and help prevent complications such as post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), which can cause chronic leg pain and swelling.

Thrombolysis or Clot Removal (For Severe Cases)

In rare cases where the clot is large or causing significant damage, clot-dissolving treatments may be required. These include catheter-directed thrombolysis, where medication is delivered directly to the clot, or thrombectomy, a surgical procedure to remove the clot.

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter

If anticoagulants are unsuitable (e.g., due to a high bleeding risk), an IVC filter may be placed in the vena cava to prevent clots from reaching the lungs

Long-Term Management and Prevention

Preventing Recurrence:

Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor your progress and adjust anticoagulant therapy if needed. Lifestyle changes can also reduce your risk of developing future clots, such as:

Maintaining a healthy weight.
Staying physically active.
Quitting smoking.

Lifestyle Modifications:

Avoid long periods of sitting or standing; move regularly, especially on long flights or car journeys.
Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.

Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS):

In some cases, DVT can lead to post-thrombotic syndrome, causing chronic leg swelling, pain, or ulcers. This is managed through compression therapy and lifestyle adjustments.

Urgent Care Information:

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

Shortness of breath or chest pain, as these may be signs of a pulmonary embolism (PE).
Severe swelling, redness, or pain in one leg.

In the event of a suspected PE or difficulty breathing, call 999 or go to A&E immediately.

Why Choose The Vein Surgeons for DVT Care?

At The Vein Surgeons, we offer expert, personalised care for patients with DVT. Our experienced team provides tailored treatment plans to suit your condition, ensuring prompt and effective care to minimise risks and complications. From initial diagnosis to long-term management, we are here to support you every step of the way.